Move · Videos · Technique · 11 min

How to Squat: Five Form Essentials

Video by Squat University on YouTube · Open on YouTube

A physical therapist builds a bodyweight squat step by step from the feet up, then shows how the same rules carry over to back and front squats. Good for anyone learning to squat well.

  • 11 min
  • Beginner
  • Low impact (no jumping)
  • No equipment

Step by step 10

Tap a time to watch that step in the video.

  1. Toe angle: start with your feet straight, then turn the toes out slightly. 0:35
  2. Foot stability: keep the heel, big-toe and little-toe bases evenly grounded and spread your toes. 1:19
  3. Knees out: gently drive your knees out so they track in line with your toes, switching on the hips. 2:57
  4. Don't overdo it: if the knees push too far, the toes spin and the foot rolls; keep the tripod foot. 4:06
  5. Hip hinge: start by sending your hips back and chest forward, then sit straight down. 4:53
  6. Postural integrity: keep a neutral spine, neither rounding nor over-arching your back. 5:45
  7. All five together: set the toe angle, spread the toes, knees out, hinge, then squat with a flat back. 6:27
  8. Bodyweight squat: let the chest incline so your centre of gravity stays over the middle of the foot. 7:18
  9. Back squat: the same rules with a slightly more upright trunk and a small hip hinge. 8:23
  10. Front squat: an even smaller hip hinge, keeping the bar over the middle of your foot. 9:17

The steps are a summary in our words, checked against the video — the coach shows every move.

Form cues from the coach

  • Turn toes out slightly and keep heel, big-toe and little-toe bases evenly grounded
  • Gently drive knees out so they track in line with your toes
  • Start with a small hip hinge, then sit straight down with a neutral spine

What it works

Tap an area for more videos that work it.

Joints it uses 2 takes load

  • Hips takes loadbodyweight, back and front squats; hip hinge
  • Knees takes loadbodyweight, back and front squats
  • Lower back movesneutral spine held while squatting
  • Ankles & feet movestripod foot, squatting over the mid foot

A guide to the joints this video’s moves load, from what the coach does — not medical advice. Some ache is normal; stop if a joint hurts sharply. How joints are rated

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Video by Squat University; the summary, steps, cues, body areas and joint notes are Notbroken’s, written from what the coach actually does in the video and checked a second time. Warm up first, take the easier options until a move feels easy, and stop if you feel sharp pain, chest pain or dizziness. General instruction, not advice for your body. About & safety